DisEnrich

DisEnrich catalogs human proteome intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) enriched in specific amino acids to enable analysis of compositional biases and their functional implications.

Key Features:

• Amino Acid Enrichment Analysis: Identifies and catalogs IDRs within human proteins that show significant compositional enrichment for specific amino acids.
• Gene Ontology (GO) Annotation: Annotates each protein with GO function terms to link enriched IDRs to biological processes and molecular functions.
• Disorder Prediction: Applies three distinct disorder prediction methods across full-length protein sequences to detect IDRs.
• Functional Categorization: Analyzes enriched IDR compositions and ranks human proteins with similar enriched IDRs to facilitate comparative studies.
• Distribution Analysis: Reports the distribution of enriched IDRs across broad functional categories and highlights overrepresentation of arginine (R) and tyrosine (Y)-enriched IDRs in metabolic and enzymatic activities and phenylalanine (F)-enriched IDRs in transport functions.
• Hydrophobic Residue Enrichment: Reports that approximately 75% of functional categories contain IDPs with IDRs significantly enriched in hydrophobic residues implicated in protein–protein interactions.

Scientific Applications:

• IDP/IDR functional studies: Enables investigation of roles of intrinsically disordered proteins and regions by linking amino acid enrichment patterns to function.
• Amino acid composition–function relationships: Supports analysis of how compositional biases within IDRs correlate with biological processes and molecular activities.
• Metabolic and enzymatic mechanism exploration: Facilitates study of arginine (R)- and tyrosine (Y)-enriched IDRs in metabolic and enzymatic activities.
• Transport system association studies: Enables investigation of phenylalanine (F)-enriched IDRs associated with transport functions.
• Protein–protein interaction analysis: Supports analysis of hydrophobic-residue-enriched IDRs implicated in protein–protein interactions.

Methodology:

Cataloging human proteome IDRs by amino acid composition; applying three disorder prediction methods to full-length sequences; annotating proteins with Gene Ontology terms; integrating predictions and annotations to identify IDRs with significant amino-acid enrichment, report distributions across functional categories, and rank proteins with similar enriched IDRs.