neuromaps

neuromaps provides standardized access, transformation, and quantitative comparison of structural and functional brain maps across four standard neuroimaging coordinate systems using two registration frameworks.

Key Features:

• Access and transformation: Provides programmatic access to brain annotations and tools to transform maps between coordinate systems.
• Registration frameworks: Implements two registration frameworks that generate high-quality transformations between four standard neuroimaging coordinate systems.
• Curated reference maps and ontologies: Includes over 40 curated reference maps and biological ontologies of the human brain.
• Neural attribute coverage: Contains maps of gene expression, neurotransmitter receptor distributions, metabolic processes, neurophysiological oscillations, developmental and evolutionary changes, functional hierarchies, individual variability in function, and cognitive specialization.
• Map-to-map similarity: Performs robust quantitative assessments of map-to-map similarity.
• Spatial-autocorrelation-preserving null models: Uses a suite of spatial-autocorrelation-preserving null models to control for spatial dependencies in comparisons.
• Annotation enrichment analyses: Supports annotation enrichment analyses to relate maps to biological and functional annotations.

Scientific Applications:

• Cross-space comparison: Enable systematic comparison of imaging-derived maps distributed across different coordinate systems.
• Structural and functional annotation: Support interpretation and annotation of structural and functional brain maps using curated reference datasets.
• Biological inference: Facilitate association of imaging maps with gene expression, receptor distributions, metabolism, oscillatory activity, developmental and evolutionary patterns, and cognitive specialization.
• Quantitative benchmarking: Provide quantitative evaluation of map correspondence and variability using spatially informed null models.

Methodology:

Implements two registration frameworks to transform between four standard neuroimaging coordinate systems and computes map-to-map similarity using spatial-autocorrelation-preserving null models, enabling annotation enrichment analyses.